COMPAS(Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions) is a computer program that helps judges make decisions, like whether someone should go to jail, get bail, or be closely watched.
It uses a set of questions to look at things like a person’s age, past crimes, and social background. Then, it gives a score showing how likely it is that the person might commit another crime. This score is used as an important tool to help judges make their decisions.

A developmental authoritarian system is one in which the government maintains centralized, often non-democratic control while focusing on rapid economic development and national modernization. In contrast, a politically pluralistic system allows for multiple political parties, open competition, and broad public participation in decision-making.

The "10 Seoul National Universities" initiative is a higher education policy proposed by Lee Jae-myung's government, aiming to invest in 10 public universities across different regions of South Korea to match the status and quality of Seoul National University. This policy involves a large-scale financial investment, annual investment of a budget comparable to that of level of SNU in regional national flagship universities(지거국), and it has been launched with the aim of easing excessive competition in college admissions and addressing regional inequality. the aim of easing excessive competition in college admissions and addressing regional inequality.

The "gay best friend" trope typically refers to a character, usually a gay man, who serves as a fashionable, witty, and emotionally supportive sidekick to a heterosexual (often female) protagonist. (e.g. Kurt Hummel from 'Glee', Stanford Blatch from 'Sex and the City')

According to international humanitarian law, people who are legally allowed to fight in a war are called combatants, and they have special rights during armed conflict. To be recognized as a combatant, a person must be part of an official state army, wear something that clearly identifies their group (such as a uniform or badge), and follow the established rules of war—which prohibit actions like harming civilians, using banned weapons, pretending to be a civilian. If someone with combatant status is captured by the enemy, they must be treated as a prisoner of war (POW). This means they cannot be punished just for fighting in the war and must be treated in a humane way. This includes getting enough food and water, receiving medical care, and being allowed to contact their family. 

Hyo孝(also known as filial piety) is a Confucian moral principle that emphasizes deep respect and care for the parents and the elderly.
It highlights the importance of recognizing their wisdom and life experience, supporting them with dignity and gratitude, and repaying parental sacrifice.

'Mirroring' is a common strategy adopted by some groups of South Korean feminists, which replicates the misogynistic languages and actions made by men against women, in an attempt to reflect the toxic reality that women have suffered. Some examples include mocking and creating derogatory names for men's physical attributes.